Fundamental Particles of an Atom — Free written notes for Chemistry - 9th on EduFlame Pakistan.
Modern research shows that atoms are made of many subatomic particles. The three most important ones are Proton, Neutron, and Electron.
Electron:
- Symbol: e⁻
- Charge: −1 (negative)
- Mass: 0.000549 a.m.u. or 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg
- Location: Revolves in orbits outside the nucleus
Proton:
- Symbol: p⁺
- Charge: +1 (positive)
- Mass: 1.0073 a.m.u. or 1.6726 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
- Location: Inside the nucleus
- Proton is 1837 times heavier than an electron
Neutron:
- Symbol: n⁰
- Charge: 0 (neutral — no charge)
- Mass: 1.0087 a.m.u. or 1.6749 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
- Location: Inside the nucleus
- Neutron is 1842 times heavier than an electron