The molecular formula of a compound.

The molecular formula of a compound shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of that compound. It is a whole number multiple of the empirical formula.

Example 1:
Water — molecular formula is H₂O, meaning each molecule of water contains exactly 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

Example 2:
Glucose — molecular formula is C₆H₁₂O₆, meaning each molecule contains 6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, and 6 oxygen atoms.

Example 3:
Ethane — molecular formula is C₂H₆, meaning each molecule contains 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.

Relationship:
Molecular formula = (Empirical formula) × n, where n is a whole number.